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Arthropods, 2016, 5(2): 44-55
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Article

LC30 effects of thiamethoxam and pirimicarb, on population parameters and biological characteristics of Macrolophus pygmaeus (Hemiptera: Miridae)

Shima Rahmani1, Solmaz Azimi2, Mona Moghadasi3
1Department of Entomology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2Department of Plant Protection, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
3Department of Plant Protection, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

Received 29 December 2015;Accepted 5 February 2016;Published online 1 June 2016
IAEES

Abstract
Chemical pesticides have important role in integrated pest management strategies. However, they can adversely affect on natural enemies as non-target organisms, even in sublethal concentrations. In this study, sublethal effects of two insecticides, thiamethoxam and pirimicarb, were examined on demographic parameters of an important predator, Macrolophus pygmaeus. Bioassay results indicated that LC30 of thiamethoxam and pirimicarb, applied on the third instar larvae, were 451.6 and 2013.4 mg (ai) L-1, respectively. The two insecticides extended the pre-adult duration, significantly. Demographic parameters were analyzed by two-sex life table. The results showed that all of the main demographic traits (r, ¦Ë, R0 and T) have been changed significantly and there are also some changes in other parameters such as age-specific survival rate (lx) and life expectancy (ex). Intrinsic rate of increase in control was 0.15 but it reduced to 0.10 and 0.99 day-1 in thiamethoxam and pirimicarb treatments, respectively. Also, finite rate of increase in control, thiamethoxam and pirimicarb treatments was 1.11, 1.08 and 1.03 day-1 respectively. Reproductive rate in control showed 36.75 offspring/individual but this statistic in thiamethoxam and pirimicarb treatments was 19.62 and 18.24, respectively. Mean generation time was 22.69 days in control but it extended in both treatments and illustrated 27.79 and 31.24 days in thiamethoxam and pirimicarb treatments, respectively. Thus, obtained results in this study showed that although pirimicarb and thiamethoxam are selective insecticides, they have potential to affect on the predator, M. pygmaeus severely, and need to take care in IPM programs.

Keywords selective pesticides;predator;sub-lethal concentration;life table;biological trait.


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