YiTian Xu SongBin Chen Yan Yang WenJun Zhang School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; International Academy of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Hong Kong Arthropods ISSN 2224-4255 http://www.iaees.org/publications/journals/arthropods/online-version.asp 2017 6 3 78 85 International Academy of Ecology and Environmental Sciences Hong Kong 16 November 2015 26 January 2016 1 September 2017 Blattella germanica effective accumulated temperature starting temperature for development developmental rate life table survivorship German cockroach, Blattella germanica L., is one of the most health pests around the world. Development-temperature relationship and temperature-dependent parameters of B. germanica were determined in present study. The experiment was conducted in the incubators with five constant air temperatures, 23, 28, 31, 36, and 40 degrees Celsius. The photoperiod of 16 h light / 8 h dark and the relative humidity of 74%-76% were fixed for all incubators. Three replicates were set for each temperature. Based on linear regression equations, the estimated starting temperature for development of 1st to 5th instar nymphs of B. germanica is 14.26+-3.157, 13.70+-2.284, 14.59+-3.575, 16.58+-2.398, and 18.47+-1.442 degrees Celsius, respectively. The estimated effective accumulated temperature of 1st to 5th instar nymphs is 99.18+-19.68, 97.01+-13.47, 92.06+-21.17, 80.26+-9.784, and 64.06+-9.784 d degrees Celsius (day degrees), respectively. B. germanica had the highest survivorship and hatching rate, and the least instars for eclosion and hatching time, around 31 degrees Celsius, which is the optimum temperature range for development and survival of B. germanica. B. germanica could not survive at 40 degrees Celsius. Even at 36 degrees Celsius, all eclosed adults had vestigial wings and could not normally mate and reproduce. DOI 10.0000/issn-2224-4255-arthropods-2017-v6-0010 http://www.iaees.org/publications/journals/arthropods/articles/2017-6(3)/development-temperature-relationship-of-Blattella-germanica.pdf