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Arthropods, 2020, 9(4): 119-128
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Article

Biochemical characterization of digestive carbohydrases in Moroccan locust, Dociostaurus maroccanus Thunberg (Orthoptera: Acrididae)

Bahareh Rafiei1,3, Mohammad Ghadamyari2, Sohrab Imani3, Vahid Hosseininaveh4, Ali Ahadiyat3, Mahboobeh Sharifi5
1Plant Protection Research Department, Guilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran
2Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
3Department of Entomology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
4Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
5Plant Protection Research Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gorgan, Iran

Received 6 July 2020;Accepted 8 August 2020;Published 1 December 2020
IAEES

Abstract
The Moroccan locust, Dociostaurus maroccanus (Thunberg), is an agricultural pest which has caused considerable agricultural damage and economic importance. ¦Á-/¦Â-Glucosidases and ¦Á-/¦Â-Galactosidases are essential enzymes in the carbohydrate digestion of insect pest. Characterization of digestive enzymes is essential for gathering knowledge to production of resistant plants, in this research ¦Á-/¦Â-Glucosidases and ¦Á-/¦Â-Galactosidase from D. maroccanus. Results showed that the activities of ¦Á-/¦Â-Glucosidases were higher than those of ¦Á-/¦Â-Galactosidase in digestive system Moroccan locust. Maximum activity for ¦Á-Glucosidase was at pH 4. Optimum activity for ¦Â-Glucosidases and ¦Á-/¦Â-Galactosidase were found at pH 5. The D. maroccanus ¦Á-/¦Â-Glucosidases and ¦Á-/¦Â-Galactosidases have an optimum temperature activity at 45, 55, 45, and 55 oC, respectively. As calculated using Lineweaver-Burk plots, the Km were about 3.96 ¡À 0.005, 1.927 ¡À 0.04, 1.051 ¡À 0.07, 0.558 ¡À 0.02 mM for ¦Á-/¦Â-Glucosidases and ¦Á-/¦Â-Galactosidase, respectively. Fe2+, Hg+, Zn2+, and EDTA inhibited carbohydrases activity, whereas the addition of Mg2+ and K+ increased enzyme activity. The zymogram pattern in the native gel revealed that ¦Á-/¦Â-Glucosidases and ¦Á-/¦Â-Galactosidases in the digestive system showed 3, 2, 1 and 1 major bands, respectively. Biochemical characterization of digestive carbohydrases is essential for achieving new and safe methods for pest control.

Keywords Dociostaurus maroccanus;carbohydrases;¦Á/¦Â-Glucosidases;¦Á/¦Â-Galactosidases;digestive system.


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