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Computational Ecology and Software, 2026, 16(2): 154-171
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Article

Modelling and analysis of the effects of deforestation caused by various developments on the growth of wildlife species

Shikha Jatav1, Shyam Sundar2, Alok Malviya3
1Department of Mathematics, Lajpat Rai College, Sahibabad, Ghaziabad, U.P. - 201005, India
2Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Kanpur, U.P. - 209305, India
3Department of Mathematics, V.S.S.D. (P.G.) College, Kanpur, India

Received 17 October 2025;Accepted 25 November 2025;Published online 8 December 2025;Published 1 June 2026
IAEES

Abstract
Deforestation, driven by rapid urbanization, industrialization, and other developmental activities, poses a significant threat to wildlife by disrupting natural habitats and forcing various wildlife species to migrate in search of more suitable and safer environments. This uncontrolled and often irregular migration frequently results in serious ecological imbalances, rising instances of human-wildlife conflicts, and the potential endangerment or extinction of vulnerable species. To gain a deeper understanding of the complex relationship between deforestation and emerging wildlife migration patterns, this paper presents a detailed nonlinear mathematical model that carefully examines the consequences of habitat degradation on the movement of wildlife across increasingly fragmented ecosystems. The model includes three key and interdependent variables: the cumulative density of forestry resources, the extent and intensity of developmental activity, and the population density of impacted wildlife species. It is constructed using a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations and analyzed through stability theory to determine both equilibrium conditions and long-term dynamics. The results clearly demonstrate that as deforestation increases due to intensified developmental activities, both forest biomass and wildlife populations undergo a marked decline, resulting in elevated migration rates. Numerical simulations support these conclusions, underlining the critical need for sustainable development practices to reduce habitat destruction and preserve ecological balance.

Keywords mathematical modeling;deforestation;developments;wildlife species.


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