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Network Biology, 2024, 14(1): 25-37
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Article

Open Reading Frame 4 protein as potential drug target for HEV: Structural evaluation through computational approaches

Zoya Shafat, Shama Parveen
Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India

Received 21 May 2023;Accepted 28 June 2023;Published online 20 July 2023;Published 1 March 2024
IAEES

Abstract
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the main cause of acute hepatitis worldwide. The viral infection caused by G1 HEV in pregnant women has become a major health concern in the past few years. The mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of viral infection in HEV G1 isolates is attributed to four different open-reading frames (ORFs) i.e., ORF1, ORF2, ORF3 and ORF4. The present analysis has considered ORF4 protein as the molecular target due to its intrinsic disorder propensity. Intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) are regions in proteins that do not possess stable secondary and tertiary structure and are prevalent in eukaryotes. IDRs are found to be closely associated with numerous human diseases, for instance, Parkinson and Alzheimer disease. The extreme flexibility and random coiled conformations of IDR allow it to undergo protein-protein interaction (PPI). The 3-dimensional (3D) structures of the target protein were designed using homology modelling algorithms. The generated models were assessed through structure verification tool PROCHECK. In this paper, we provide an overview of ORF4 protein structure-function relationship and its involvement in several biological processes through PPIs. Our results suggest that ORF4 protein has the potential to act as drug molecule, thus can accelerate the process of drug designing strategies against HEV.

Keywords Open Reading Frame 4;intrinsically disordered region;drug target;secondary structure;3D model.

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