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Proceedings of the International Academy of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2019, 9(2): 53-72
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Article

Adsorption of heavy metals (cadmium, chrome and copper) on grafted cellulose: Establishment of kinetic models

Mohamed Zine Messaoud-Boureghda1, Didoucheyasmina Fadila2
1Laboratory of Food Technology (LRTA), University M'hamedBougara of Boumerdes, Boumerdes, Algeria
2Research Unit of Materials, Process and Environment (URMPE), University M'hamedBougara of Boumerdes, Boumerdes, Algeria

Received 1 March 2019;Accepted 5 April 2019;Published 1 June 2019
IAEES

Abstract
Chemical modification by grafting cellulose in the biological field produces a cellulosic material with improved absorption. Acrylamide was grafted onto cellulose fibers using a free radical process initiated by a redox initiator system: the ceric ion (ceric ammonium nitrate). For the grafted cellulose, it is noted that the optimum pH is equal to 5 because of the presence of amide groups. Also, the adsorption capacity of chromium is greater than that of the grafted cellulose (Qe = 14.2 mg / g) et almost triple for copper and cadmium. The effect of concentration on retention is extremely important for chromium and cadmium, which have the retention of around 18/20 mg / g. The increase in ionic strength leads to a decrease in the amount of adsorbed metal ions resulting from the competition between these metal ions and salt ions. The results of a kinetic study for all the heavy metals indicated that the retention is extremely fast; it is almost instantaneous. Linear regressions shown that kinetics are controlled by the pseudo-second-order model. Thus, the chrome is controlled by the pseudo-first-order model. This is clearly confirmed by the values of the correlation factors corresponding to each model. The adsorption of isotherms in the cadmium and chromium concentrations chosen for initial experimental data were interpreted by the Redlich-Peterson and Langmuir models for unbleached and grafted cellulose. For copper, the Freundlich model best described the data of adsorption isotherms on unbleached cellulose, and the Redlich-Peterson and Langmuir models were the most appropriate for the retention of copper for the grafted cellulose.

Keywords cellulose;grafting;copolymerisation;acrylamide;absorption capacity;kinetics;adsorption isotherms;heavy metals;cadmium;chromium;copper.


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