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Proceedings of the International Academy of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2020, 10(2): 32-37
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Article

Effects of lead on vegetative, propagative and physiochemical parameters of Pisum sativum

Ghulam Hussain¹, Tauseef Anwar², Huma Qureshi³, Hina Fatimah⁴, Muhammad Waseem⁴, Faheem Arshad¹, Rizwan Rahseed⁵
¹Department of Botany, University of Education (Okara Campus), Okara-56300, Pakistan
²Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi-46300, Pakistan
³Department of Biological Sciences (Botany Program), Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan-29050, Pakistan
⁴Department of Biology, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad-44000, Pakistan
⁵Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad-38000, Pakistan

Received 21 November 2019;Accepted 30 December 2019;Published 1 June 2020
IAEES

Abstract
Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a valuable proteinaceous vegetable. It has 40% contribution in economy among world pulses and 3rd in ranking in consumption after garlic and beans in Pakistan. Its yield is affected by many abiotic stresses e.g. salinity, water logging, heavy metals in sewage water and wastes etc. Heavy metals are great threat to humans as they are not only dangerous to humans through food chains but also reducing its cash benefits by decreasing the yield of crop plants qualitatively and quantitatively. This study aimed to investigate the effects of lead (Pb) on vegetative, propagative and physiochemical properties of pea plants. In this regard, an experiment was conducted on two cultivars i.e., meteor and classic of pea by treating them with heavy metal salt, lead nitrate (Pb(NO₃)₂) at flowering stage. It was hypothesized that lead will damage vegetative characters compared to control treatments and declines in agronomic yields of pea. Chemical analyses of pea plants confirmed that pea plants activated their defensive chemical mechanisms by producing certain antioxidant chemicals against lead treatment and also reduced its nutritive chemicals.

Keywords pea;heavy metal harms;lead accumulation;vegetables.

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