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Proceedings of the International Academy of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2021, 11(1): 15-30
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Article

Characterization of atmospheric particulate matter from urban traffic sources in Ilorin

O. A. Falaiye1, O. E. Abiye2, S. C. Nwabachili1
1Department of Physics, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
2Centre for Energy and Research Development (C. E. R. D.), Obafemi Awolowo University. Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria

Received 27 December 2020;Accepted 22 January 2021;Published 1 March 2021
IAEES

Abstract
Air quality has become a pressing issue in both developed and developing countries. This is due to the various health issues which are associated with Atmospheric Particulate Matter (APM). Many countries have as a result introduced Environmental Protection Agencies to monitor the amount of Particulate Matter (PM) in the atmosphere. Ilorin, the capital of Kwara State, is a city which should also not be left out. This is because Ilorin as a city is susceptible to PM. pollution. There is little or no research known to have been carried out on the quality of air inhaled in the city of Ilorin. This study aims at investigating the chemical signatures of APM in an Urban-Traffic corridor using a nuclear analytical technique. Total suspended particulate-phase aerosols that were monitored for 30 days at a traffic corridor located in the north-central (Ilorin) geopolitical zone, were collected using a low volume total suspended particulate sampler and were characterized using an Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (ED-XRF) spectrometer. Gravimetric analysis was carried out to determine the mass concentration of each sample. From the 30 days measured, the highest mass concentration was recorded on the 1st of March 2019 with a value of 7974.8 ¦Ìg/m3 and lowest on the 14th of March 2019 which had a mass concentration of 11.61 ¦Ìg/m3. For the reported days, the 24 hours average chemical concentrations of V, Cr, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Mn and Fe from samples collected at tipper garage, Ilorin, were found to be 5007.8 ng/m3, 2562.6 ng/m3, 535.7 ng/m3, 1432.1 ng/m3, 604.2 ng/m3, 1.1 ng/m3, 3550.8 ng/m3, 3191.6 ng/m3 respectively. The study concludes that mass and chemical concentrations were excessively high and could impact significantly on human health.

Keywords Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence;environment;gravimetric analysis;particulate matter;total suspended particulate-phase aerosols.


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