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Proceedings of the International Academy of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2021, 11(2): 68-83
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Article

Multifaceted causes of conflict in the world heritage site of Simien Mountains National Park community- based ecotourism, Ethiopia

Endalkachew Teshome1, Alene Guadie2, Yirdaw Asfaw1
1Department of Tourism Management, College of Business and Economics, University of Gondar, Ethiopia
2Tourism and Hotel Management Department, Debre Tabor University, Ethiopia

Received 1 January 2021;Accepted 22 January 2021;Published 1 June 2021
IAEES

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to assess the causes of conflict in community-based ecotourism at the World Heritage Site of Simien Mountains National Park. A cross-sectional study design with a mixed method was used. Two hundred thirty-nine participants were included by systematic random sampling. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage and mean were computed and qualitative data were triangulated. A high proportion of participants agreed or strongly agreed with the stated items as a cause of conflict with the cumulative mean of 4.21. The majority, 88.7% agreed with inappropriate use of power, 87.5% of respondents agreed with a lack of transparency and 86.6% believed corruption as causes of conflict. Improper implementation of systems and unequal participation were agreed by 84.1%. The statement "inequitable benefit sharing in community-based ecotourism is a cause of conflict" and "weak cooperation in community-based ecotourism is a cause of conflict" were agreed by 82.4% and 80% of respondents respectively. Unsuitable use of resources was also believed as a cause of conflict by 78% of respondents. It is therefore essential to develop a standard guideline to prevent conflict in community-based ecotourism and to resolve conflict should it occur.

Keywords community;community-based ecotourism;conflict;Simien Mountains National Park.


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