Marvin James R. Coloma Janiah Faith M. Guerrero Aliyah Lhuk B. Piawan Jerick A. Viz DOST - Philippine Science High School - Ilocos Region Campus, Poblacion East, San Ildefonso, Ilocos Sur 2728, the Philippines Proceedings of the International Academy of Ecology and Environmental Sciences ISSN 2220-8860 http://www.iaees.org/publications/journals/piaees/online-version.asp 2025 15 4 132 140 International Academy of Ecology and Environmental Sciences Hong Kong 16 August 2025 20 September 2025 1 December 2025 cell size crop varietal enhancement microscopy nucleus size polyploidy Artificial polyploidization through colchicine treatment can enhance plant morphological traits. This study evaluated the effects of six colchicine concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 mg/mL) on root length, root base diameter, root surface area, cell size, nucleus size, and chromosome number in locally grown potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) collected from Laoag City, Ilocos Norte, Philippines. Root samples were analyzed through quantitative measurements and microscopic examination after fixation and staining, with statistical differences determined using one-way ANOVA. The 1 mg/mL treatment (T2) consistently produced the highest values for all measured parameters and showed significant differences (p less than 0.05) compared to other treatments and the control. Observed increases in cell and nucleus size suggest possible polyploidy induction, although chromosome counts could not be confirmed due to staining limitations. Overall, optimal colchicine concentrations improved both macroscopic and microscopic traits, whereas higher doses were detrimental. These results identify 1 mg/mL colchicine as a promising concentration for enhancing root traits in potato, warranting further whole-plant evaluation for varietal improvement. http://www.iaees.org/publications/journals/piaees/articles/2025-15(4)/colchicine-induced-morphological-and-cytological-changes.pdf